oci_connect

(PHP 5)

oci_connect -- 建立一个到 Oracle 服务器的连接

说明

resource oci_connect ( string username, string password [, string db [, string charset [, int session_mode]]] )

oci_connect() 返回一个大多数 OCI 调用都需要的连接标识符。可选的第三个参数可以包含想要连接的本地 Oracle 的实例的或者在 tnsnames.ora 中的条目的名字。如果没有指定可选的第三个参数,PHP 使用环境变量 ORACLE_SID(Oracle 实例)或 TWO_TASKtnsnames.ora)来确定连接哪一个数据库。

session_mode 参数自版本 1.1 起可用并接受如下值:OCI_DEFAULTOCI_SYSOPEROCI_SYSDBA。如果指定了 OCI_SYSOPEROCI_SYSDBA 其中之一,oci_connect() 将尝试使用外部认证信息建立特权连接。特权连接默认被禁止。要启用,需要将 oci8.privileged_connect 设为 On。

注: 如果 PHP 用的是 Oracle Instant Client,可以用容易的命名连接方法,说明见这里:http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/cd/B12037_01/network.101/b10775/naming.htm#i498306。基本上这意味着可以指定 "//db_host[:port]/database_name" 作为数据库名。但如果想用命名的旧方法则必须设定 ORACLE_HOMETNS_ADMIN 二者之一。

注: oci_connect() 用同样的参数第二次及之后的调用将返回第一次调用所返回的连接句柄。也就是说对一个句柄发出的查询也适用于另一个句柄,因为它们是同一个句柄。此行为演示于下面的例 1。如果需要两个句柄在事务上互相隔离开,应该使用 oci_new_connect() 来替代。

使用 Oracle 服务器 9.2 或更高版本,可以指定 charset 参数,其将被用于新的连接。如果使用 Oracle 服务器低于 9.2 的版本,本参数将被忽略并以 NLS_LANG 环境变量替代之。

例子 1. oci_connect() 例子

<?php
echo "<pre>";
$db = "";

$c1 = oci_connect("scott", "tiger", $db);
$c2 = oci_connect("scott", "tiger", $db);

function
create_table($conn)
{
  
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, "create table scott.hallo (test varchar2(64))");
  
oci_execute($stmt);
  echo
$conn . " created table\n\n";
}

function
drop_table($conn)
{
  
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, "drop table scott.hallo");
  
oci_execute($stmt);
  echo
$conn . " dropped table\n\n";
}

function
insert_data($conn)
{
  
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, "insert into scott.hallo
            values('$conn' || ' ' || to_char(sysdate,'DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'))"
);
  
oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
  echo
$conn . " inserted hallo\n\n";
}

function
delete_data($conn)
{
  
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, "delete from scott.hallo");
  
oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
  echo
$conn . " deleted hallo\n\n";
}

function
commit($conn)
{
  
oci_commit($conn);
  echo
$conn . " committed\n\n";
}

function
rollback($conn)
{
  
oci_rollback($conn);
  echo
$conn . " rollback\n\n";
}

function
select_data($conn)
{
  
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, "select * from scott.hallo");
  
oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
  echo
$conn."----selecting\n\n";
  while (
oci_fetch($stmt)) {
    echo
$conn . " [" . oci_result($stmt, "TEST") . "]\n\n";
  }
  echo
$conn . "----done\n\n";
}

create_table($c1);
insert_data($c1);   // Insert a row using c1
insert_data($c2);   // Insert a row using c2

select_data($c1);   // Results of both inserts are returned
select_data($c2);

rollback($c1);      // Rollback using c1

select_data($c1);   // Both inserts have been rolled back
select_data($c2);

insert_data($c2);   // Insert a row using c2
commit($c2);        // Commit using c2

select_data($c1);   // Result of c2 insert is returned

delete_data($c1);   // Delete all rows in table using c1
select_data($c1);   // No rows returned
select_data($c2);   // No rows returned
commit($c1);        // Commit using c1

select_data($c1);   // No rows returned
select_data($c2);   // No rows returned

drop_table($c1);
echo
"</pre>";
?>

oci_connect() 如果出错则返回 FALSE

注: 在 PHP 5.0.0 之前的版本必须使用 ocilogon() 替代本函数。该函数名仍然可用,为向下兼容作为 oci_connect() 的别名。不过其已被废弃,不推荐使用。

参见 oci_pconnect()oci_new_connect()oci_close()


add a note add a note User Contributed Notes
sebastien.barbieri _at_ gmail dot com
14-Sep-2006 12:42
When you are using Oracle 9.2+ I would say that you MUST use the CHARSET parameter.

Of course, you will not notice it until there is accented character... so just specify it and you will avoid a big headache.

So for example here is our Oracle internal conf:
select * from nls_database_parameters;
 
PARAMETER                      VALUE
------------------------------ ----------------------------------------

NLS_LANGUAGE                  AMERICAN
NLS_TERRITORY                  AMERICA
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY              AMERICA
NLS_CHARACTERSET              WE8ISO8859P15

 
And there our oci_connect call:

$dbch=ocilogon($user,$pass,$connectString,"WE8ISO8859P15");

Without that, you will get question mark (inversed), squares instead of most accented character.

Dont forget to use that for writing as well as for reading.
greatval <wow> gmail <dot> com
25-Jul-2006 12:30
For use PHPv5 functions in PHPv4 i use simple script:
<?php
$funcs
=array(
      
'oci_connect'=>'OCILogon',
      
'oci_parse'=>'OCIParse',
      
'oci_execute'=>'OCIExecute',
      
'oci_fetch'=>'OCIFetch',
      
'oci_num_fields'=>'OCINumCols',
      
'oci_field_name'=>'OCIColumnName',
      
'oci_result'=>'OCIResult',
      
'oci_free_statement'=>'OCIFreeStatement',
);
// yoy can add yours pairs of funcs.

foreach ($funcs as $k=>$v)
   {
       if (!
function_exists($k))
           {
              
$arg_string='$p0';
               for (
$i=1;$i<20;$i++) {
                  
$arg_string.=',$p'.$i;
               }
               eval (
'function '.$k.' () {
                       list('
.$arg_string.')=func_get_args();
                       return '
.$v.'('.$arg_string.');
                       }
               '
);
           }
   }
?>

simple, but it work. :-)
Andrei
07-Nov-2005 09:08
lost oracle connection. need restart apache?

Temporarely you can prevent 'connection lost' by using folowing script (use it at your own risk):

<?php
$rnum
=rand(0,99999999);
$dbcon = oci_new_connect('XXXXX', 'XXXXXX',
'
(DESCRIPTION =
           (ADDRESS =
       (PROTOCOL = TCP)
       (HOST = XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX)
       (PORT = 1521)
       (HASH = '
.$rnum.')
     )
         (CONNECT_DATA =(SID = XXX))
     )
'
);
?>
Domenico a01b20_NOSPAM_ at iol dot it
07-Nov-2005 04:44
This note is an addendum to note#58378
Seems to be a good workaround set the oracle_home and/instead of the tns_admin.
tnsnames.ora must to be located in
$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
and in
$TNS_ADMIN/ (if you use it)

---
Best Regards,
Domenico
a01b02_NO_SPAM at iol dot it
02-Nov-2005 06:44
Using tnsnames.ora
Apache 2
php 5.0.5
Oracle 10 IstantClient

PHP half of times return this error:

OCISessionBegin: ORA-24327: need explicit attach before authenticating a user in ...

In Oracle manual I find:

ORA-24327 need explicit attach before authenticating a user

   Cause: A server context must be initialized before creating a session.
   Action: Create and initialize a server handle.

I resolved using Easy Connect Naming Method.

Notice of this problem in bug#29779.

---
Best Regards,
Domenico
Chris
28-Oct-2005 08:19
Our tnsnames.ora uses the SERVICE_NAME=mydb - which for some reason wont work with PHP even though it works fine with tnsping. Using SID=mydb worked and a connection was established.